EVALUATION OF DENSITY OPTIMUM FOREST ROADS IN TWO SYSTEMS OF FORESTRY IN THE STATE OF PARI ??

Abstract

Forest exploitation in the state of Pará, in some cases, is carried out without planning. Thus, researchers have developed the method called reduced impact logging, characterized by activity planning system, aiming to reduce costs as well as damage to the forest. However, the system is composed of activities such as the opening of forest roads, these can vary in their density in the area or methodology. The objective is to evaluate the density of forest roads in two operating systems in this state timber companies, calling them S1 and S2, (municipalities of Tucuruı and Portel, respectively). The results showed that the density of the main road, S2 was 2 m / ha and S1 12 m / h (10 m / ha difference) at intersections, S1 was 20 m / ha S2 5 m / ha (difference of 15 m / ha), the skid trails, the density in the S2 system was 21 m / ha (38%) higher than in S1, and on average, the systems evaluated showed differences of 4 m / ha of roads built between them. The open area due to the primary and secondary roads operating systems S1 and S2 was 97.5 m2 / h and 110 m 2 / ha, respectively, where S2 showed increased open area, depending on the system used. On the other hand, due to the open area of the construction of skid trails, the answer given was reversed because the S1 presented 63 m2 / larger than the other analyzed system (S2) ha. The sum of the densities of primary, secondary road and trail, the S2mostrou is environmentally better than the S1 System system; System S1 provides smaller opening area in m2.ha-1, due to the construction of main and secondary roads, as compared with S2.