Genetic variability for bunches and oil production in American oil palm progenies from the Brazilian amazon

Keywords: Elaeis oleifera, characterization, evaluation, germplasm

Abstract

American oil palm is an important source of genetic variability for oil palm breeding programs. The main product of oil palm is the oil extracted from the fruit's mesocarp, so it is important to evaluate the genetic variability for components associated with the production of this oil in caiaué progenies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic variability for bunches and oil production components in 30 half-sib progenies of american oil palm. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design with four replications and nine plants per plot. Bunches production was evaluated from the 12th to the 14th year after planting and the bunches components evaluated in five bunches per plot. In total, 16 characteristics were evaluated, which were submitted to analysis of variance and test of means, and obtained the genetic correlations between them. The genetic similarity between the progenies was estimated by the generalized Mahalanobis distance and the progenies grouped by Unweighted Pair-Group Method with Arithmetic Mean. The relative contribution of characteristics to genetic variability was quantified using Singh's criterion. The progenies showed genetic variability for 13 of 16 characteristics evaluated. The characteristics number of bunches, total bunches weight and average weight of bunch have greater contribution to genetic divergence between the progenies than the components of bunch composition. In the caiaué selecting for increase oil production, evaluation of the characteristics total bunches weight and proportion of mesocarp in the fruit should be prioritized.

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Author Biographies

Mr., Embrapa Western Amazon

Graduate at Agronomy from Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (1997), master's at Agronomy from Universidade Federal de Viçosa (1999) and ph.d. at Agronomy from Universidade de São Paulo (2003). Has experience in Agronomy, focusing on plant breeding, acting on the following subjects germplasm evaluation and characterization and palms breeding.

Raimundo Nonato Vieira da Cunha, Embrapa Western Amazon

Graduated in Agronomic Engineering from the Federal University of Amazonas (1983), Master in Agronomy (Genetics and Plant Breeding) from the University of São Paulo (1996) and Ph.D. in Agronomy (Genetics and Plant Breeding) from the University of São Paulo (2004 ). He is currently a researcher at Embrapa Western Amazon. He has experience in the field of Agronomy, with an emphasis on Plant Breeding, working mainly on the following topics: oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) and caiaué (Elaeis oleifera).

Mr., Embrapa Western Amazon

Bachelor's at Engenharia Agronomica from Universidade Federal de Viçosa (1977), master's at Ecology from Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (1984) and doctorate at Sciences Agronomiques (Amélioration des Plantes) from Universite de Montpellier 2 Sciences et Techniques (1998). Has experience in Agronomy, acting on the following subjects: dendê, elaeis guineensis, elaeis oleifera, production system, cultivation.

Mrs., Embrapa Western Amazon

Graduation at Agronomia from Universidade Federal do Amazonas (1986), master's at Soils and Plants Nutrition from Universidade de São Paulo (1993) and doctorate at Soils and Plants Nutrition from Universidade de São Paulo (1998). He is currently researcher at Embrapa Western Amazon. Has experience in Agronomy, focusing on Soil Fertilization, acting on the following subjects: elaeis guineensis and elaeis oleifera, amazon, plants nutrition, soils management.

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V.66 (2023): RCA AJAES
Published
2023-12-11
Issue
Vol 66 (2023): RCA AJAES
Section
Scientific Articles

Copyright (c) 2023 Ricardo Lopes, Raimundo Nonato Vieira da Cunha, Edson Barcelos, Maria do Rosário Lobato Rodrigues

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