Traffic of agriculture machinery in oil palm cultivation: implications for physical soil quality

Keywords: Elaeis guineensis Jacq, Soil penetration resistance, Proctor test, Degree of compaction, Mechanized operations

Abstract

Although oil palm is cultivated on a large scale and in different soil types in the state of Pará, changes in the soil’s physical properties in these areas have not been evaluated. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the physical quality of a Yellow Latosol cultivated with oil palm, 30 years after implantation. Soil samples with disturbed and undisturbed structure were collected at 0-20 and 20-40 cm depths, in the machinery traffic zone. The degree of compaction (DC) was calculated from the maximum soil bulk density obtained by the Proctor test, and soil penetration resistance (PR) was determined in soil samples equilibrated in ten matric potentials. Temporal changes in soil moisture in PR were also evaluated. Both parameters showed that the evaluated area has an indication of compaction. The DC in both depths was above 90% and was more severe in the 0-20 cm layer. However, when evaluated by PR, the compaction was more evident in the 20-40 cm layer, and variations in soil moisture over a year showed that in the drier months, the soil showed high values of PR in this layer. Thus, this study indicates that the growth and development of oil palm may be restricted by the soil’s compaction and mainly by the high penetration resistance in the months of reduced water availability.

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Author Biography

Sueli Rodrigues, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia (UFRA)

Possui graduação em Engenharia Agronômica pela Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (2008). Mestrado (2010) e doutorado (2014) em Ciências, com área de concentração em Solos e Nutrição de Plantas pela Universidade de São Paulo. Atualmente é pós doutoranda na Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia (UFRA) no curso de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia. Tem experiência na área de Agronomia, com ênfase em Física do Solo, atuando principalmente nos seguintes temas: qualidade física do solo em sistemas de produção e ambientes naturais, aeração do solo, intervalo hídrico ótimo e permeabilidade do solo ao ar.

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V.62 (2019): RCA
Published
2019-02-21
Issue
Vol 62 (2019): RCA
Section
Scientific Articles

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