Phytoextraction of heavy metals from a landfill in the metropolitan region of Belém-Pará-Brazil

  • João Roberto Rosa e Silva Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia
  • Antonio Rodrigues Fernandes Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia
  • Daniel Vidal Pérez Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa/Solos) Rio de Janeiro/RJ

Resumo

The disposal of municipal waste in open areas constitutes a potential source of
environmental risk due to its varied composition, including heavy metals. The endangered
areas contain several plant species that may have the potential for use in phytoremediation.
The objective of this study was to determine the level of soil contamination by heavy metals
and to identify plant species with potential for phytoextraction in the Aurá dump area in the
metropolitan region of Belém/PA. The total concentrations of heavy metals in the soil and
shoots of fi ve plant species (Cassia alata, Cecropia pachystachya, Ipomoea asarifolia, Piper
hispidinervum and Solanum paniculatum) were determined. The bioconcentration factors of
the metals were calculated. The levels of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd)
were greater than the soil quality reference values for the state of Pará, while the Cd levels
were greater than the prevention values established by the National Environmental Council.
The concentration of Cd varied among species, from 0.32 mg kg–1 (Solanum paniculatum)
to 0.61 mg kg–1 (Cassia alata). Cassia alata and Piper hispidinervum contained the highest
concentrations of Zn, 0.38 and 0.44 mg kg–1, respectively. Cassia alata exhibited the highest
bioconcentration factor for Cd. The disposal of municipal waste in the area contributed to
the enrichment of heavy metals in the soil. The predominant plant species in the area were
not identifi ed as phytoextractors.

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Biografia do Autor

João Roberto Rosa e Silva, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia
Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia. Conservação do solo.
Antonio Rodrigues Fernandes, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia
Instituto de Ciência Agrárias - ICA / Manejo e conservação do solo, metais em solos e plantas
Daniel Vidal Pérez, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa/Solos) Rio de Janeiro/RJ
Química de Solo - Soil Chemistry
Embrapa Solos

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Publicado
2014-11-24
Seção
Artigos Científicos

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